Glossary

Term · Loss and Complications

dual process model

Also: dual process model of coping, dual process model of grief

A model of grief that describes moving back and forth between facing the loss and getting on with daily life. Used to understand grief that comes and goes.

In plain words

The dual process model describes grief as a back-and-forth. One side is facing the loss, such as crying, remembering, or feeling its weight. The other side is restoring daily life, such as work, chores, and planning. People move between these two in cycles, often without choosing to. Infant care gives constant restoration demands, which can change when and how grief shows up. A mother may feel grief strongly in a quiet moment and then be pulled back into feeds and tasks. This pattern is normal. It does not mean the grief is less real. Help is available for a mother who feels stuck, or who has thoughts of harming herself. can be called or texted at any hour, and a provider can be called the same day.

The deeper version

The dual process model, proposed by Stroebe and Schut (Death Studies, 1999), describes oscillation between loss-oriented coping, including grief work and attention to the deceased, and restoration-oriented coping, including attention to new roles and daily life. The authors argue that healthy adaptation depends on flexible movement between the two. Applied to perinatal loss, infant care supplies sustained restoration demands that may modulate expression and timing of grief. Stroebe and Schut (Omega, 2010) reviewed a decade of empirical work, finding support for the oscillation hypothesis in bereavement generally, though much of the work is in adult spousal loss. Its specific application to pregnancy and infant loss is extrapolated from that base.

Where it comes up

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Sources

  • Stroebe MS, Schut H — The dual process model of coping with bereavement: rationale and description. Death Studies, 1999
  • Stroebe MS, Schut H — The dual process model of coping with bereavement: a decade on. Omega, 2010

The Mothership Topic Wiki is general information for mothers and the people who care for them. It is not medical, legal, or mental-health advice and does not create a provider relationship. Experiences posted by members are their own. In an emergency call 911. If you are having thoughts of harming yourself, call or text 988.