In plain words
A thrombosed external hemorrhoid is a swollen vein just outside the anus that has formed a blood clot. It feels like a firm, tender, sometimes purplish lump near the opening. Pain can come on suddenly and can be intense for a few days. Pregnancy, constipation, and pushing raise pressure in these veins, which is why it can happen after birth. Many clots settle over one to two weeks. It is different from ordinary hemorrhoids, which are often painless. It can look like other problems around the anus. Call your provider today if the pain is severe, the area bleeds a lot, or you have a fever.
The deeper version
Thrombosis within an external hemorrhoidal venous plexus, usually presenting acutely with a painful, firm, bluish perianal nodule. It is distinguished from , prolapsed internal hemorrhoid, perianal abscess, and rarer causes of rectal bleeding. Management is usually conservative, with stool softening, analgesia, and warm sitz baths, while excision is considered for severe early presentations. Obstetric risk factors include and constipation. Evidence comparing surgical and conservative management is limited to small trials and case series.
Where it comes up
- Constipation and hemorrhoids in pregnancyPregnancy: Your Body
- The first poop, constipation, and hemorrhoids after birthPostpartum: Your Body
What mothers here say about thrombosed external hemorrhoid
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Sources
- American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons — Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hemorrhoids, 2021